Lushan meeting, a painstaking effort to ensure the integrity of honest Marshal Peng Marshal Zhu De. His mild manner, but to the letter (thousand word book) about the content, both criticized Peng, also talked about the achievements and benefits of Peng. He if not finished, Mao Zedong, the legs will lift a finger to scratch a few upper, said: words.
Ye Jianying, Nie, etc. look at the Lushan Conference coach on how Peng problem? what efforts they have to pay?
1959 年 2 July to 16 August, the CPC Central Committee held in Lushan Conference, error Marshal Peng carried out the critical have witnessed and participated in this event. However, the subsequent history confirms the original insights Peng, Lushan meeting everyone seems to have become ashamed to talk about some other participants of the and memoirs, either did not elaborate on this period of history, or a passing, or simply to save trouble. Today, the Lushan meeting has a full 50 years later, Marshal Peng Lushan conference is how the mentality like? other marshal was Peng is the problem of how to treat it? Marshal Lushan Conference on the status and what is their relationship affected? this as much as possible to restore some of the historical truth.
7 月 2 日 to 10, Peng did not write ; thousand words written 29 afternoon from Beijing to Wuhan by train, and then take ship, at the morning of July 1 to Lushan; Nie is this day, and up the hill with Zhou Enlai; Lin,
Liu, Xu Xiangqian, Ye Jianying, etc. Eight people are to participate in the eighth plenary session in late July in the mountains.
7 2 April, the opening of the enlarged meeting of the CPC Central Committee Political Bureau. The meeting originally planned to begin from July 2 to 15 over. the main issue is a summary of experience, prior to the meeting to correct the mistake that has already begun to discuss the second half and after 4 years of economic tasks. Politburo meeting was attended by members of provincial, municipal and regional party first secretary, some of the central and state organs people in charge of ministries, a total of 69.
7 3 December, morning, participants were divided into the northeast, north, northwest, east, South, Southwest 6 groups, group meetings were held (southwest group of people not in attendance because, not a meeting) to discuss the 19 questions raised by Mao Zedong. In the discussion on the , we must continue to counter the more familiar with, it was in the Northwest group. by Mao Zedong offered encouragement to listen to opposing views, Peng from July 3 to 10, 8-day period, the group made a 7-day speech at the meeting or chipped. < br> These statements, or interrupted, then the time was in critical Peng issued out of order. These fragmented speech, talked about some issues and problems, some more harsh words. particularly with regard to anti-, Peng proposed eight global, sharp views:
First, people's communes to do early and just play the advantages of high society, to communes, and without testing, then half of the previous year if the test out, just fine.
Second, the Beidaihe Conference, staged a ;, below the limit out of over 13,000, now how do?
four, each cooperation area, the provincial industry to put forward a system, this is not one or two five-year plan to do things.
five , our party is always is a short period of time (September-November) took place, and the impact is more than 3 months.
seven valuable lessons in return, and everyone's responsibility, everyone has one, including Mao Zedong, including . I also have a copy, or at least did not oppose.
eight, is not the party's collective leadership decision, but a personal decision; first secretary of the decision of the operator, the second secretary of the decision to not count. does not establish a collective authority only the establishment of personal prestige, it is very normal, is dangerous.
Objectively speaking, the above statement and chipped Peng, hard-edged, sharp words, but these views at the time it is can be brought to resonance. to Zhu's speech as an example: July 6, in the South group meeting, Zhu De on the rural areas was critical of the canteen. He said: ; family system should be consolidated. in principle, to return home to live, Zhu De, He Long, Nie et al, greeting each of each other and exchanged greetings, but also opened some easy jokes, and then went to their respective group. The meeting of the leisure, or between marshals stopping by to visit with each other, or together travel, or poetry lyrics: Zhu De as a poem, Nie, Long Lushan scenic tour of the two go hand in hand, Peng not only visited the Han Pokou, Fairy Cave and other attractions, sometimes with the security staff on the scene the next two game of chess Xi Zhen , quite leave the taste.
7 月 11 日 to 15, Peng's harmonious atmosphere for only a very short period of time, Peng found a problem. According to the mountains together with the military staff Peng Wang Chengguang recalls: will be less, from time to time keep our noses in the corridor back and forth. One afternoon, he said, there is no team will taste a few days, I do not want to go. CEOs ask me, these days you have read the briefing session is not? I said all looked, he said, I will be speaking in the group a number of observations, presentations are not registered, also see the presentation. looked very unhappy. , Peng in the group spoke at the meeting will be the most acute, directly related to Mao Zedong's words deleted.
7 11 afternoon, the Conference Secretariat on the meeting will be scheduled the end of the 15 notice, should increase Peng their views reflected as soon as possible before the go down the eagerness of .7 12 noon, Peng Wang Chengguang that talk with the accompanying staff: problems, can not hear ideological issues. I say a little group in the Northwest, have not seen the newsletter, I am afraid, will not cause attention. Last year, the experience of the Great Leap Forward is very rich, many problems occur, you should seriously consider it. In The meeting, to now no one say this. Fortunately, I have some questions without speaking team will want to write a letter to the President, only to talk about the role of President. a few reasons to stall what Peng: good writing is not as President of the interview, after a while to write, or the Secretary of the study together and then transferred to write. However, Peng did not accept, adhere to the letter to give Mao Zedong.
Peng wrote to Mao Zedong, although prepared, but after consideration, they feel good to write this letter, or face to face to talk about the calculations. So, on July 12 afternoon, he went to Mao's residence mm Chiang Kai-shek lived in the U.S. House mm180 villa, wanted to talk about for their own views of Mao Zedong. But unfortunately, security staff told him that the President had just sleeping, Peng had returned, bitterly. two of the opportunity to interview so lost.
interview fails to only letters. came back from the residence of Mao Zedong, Peng has been considering how to write this letter .7 13 noon, Peng put a simple outline to Wang Chengguang drafted, dictated by him to write the specific content, Wang Chengguang collate notes, a total of about about 1 hour 14 .7, Peng Wang Chengguang sort out details of revised draft letter. For the analysis of achievements and shortcomings of estimates were more content to add, there are many textual changes, then re-copied the letter issued to Wang Chengguang is in the afternoon and personally examined the signature, so Wang Chengguang directly to the Mao's secretary. In the evening, Wang Chengguang telephone contact, face to face the letter to the secretary of Mao Gao.
Although Peng's letter was later known as the interrupted several times, in the group has not finished at some of the views, close to you as a reference. The second part of the talk about the whole party to unite, work hard, continue to leap forward conditions exist. because If I were raised at the meeting, will cause confusion in some people's minds, if it is again by the President to mention the two-pronged approach, these problems can easily be corrected he wrote? According to , Zhou Enlai, Chen Yun made a mistake not to speak, the problem is not clear enough to see the inconvenience Chu speech, no long-term steward of Lin Biao, the situation is unfamiliar, and Deng Xiaoping did not have speech. said he was Mao Zedong's Political Bureau and also can speak the same speech. ;
how to write this letter? Peng said: repeated as appropriate, as mentioned no mention of speak out to tell the problem, stressing that may hurt some people. Mao Zedong is seen the letter, and read the letter after the treatment of Mao Zedong made several estimates: issued it will hurt some people, but issued Ye Hao, will stimulate the country (leader) for point review. results, Peng said, after seeing only one sentence: the nature of this letter, a cigarette, smiled, looked relaxed and calm: the body can also ask him to. interspersed with areas allocated for each of 6 groups.
17 to 22 in each group into the discussion as the main content of this letter. discussion, approval or completely clear they were all opposed to a few, the vast majority basically agree with, but wording and details of the individual to make some questionable comments. These days, Peng's attitude was calm, special attention to those who speak different opinions raised, ready to further modify the letter. Meanwhile, in the July 18 Northwest Group meeting, Peng made the solemn declaration: , Nie Peng and Zhu De's views on the support of at least agree that holding the attitude, because they are not mentioned in the speeches, and no criticism of Peng's letter, the contents of their statements to some extent with the same letter Peng The. Nie due in charge of military production, so the iron and steel production is very concerned about .7 19, his team said at the meeting for some small blast furnaces and large-scale iron and steel enterprises so-called views. He noted that while does not work. and Zhu De in his speech, again stressed the importance of helping farmers to establish home and said: life can be arranged, it can form a system of building socialism. slightly different judgments and Peng .7 21, Long Tan Ledui the current situation in the group's views at the meeting: such a big country, so many people, work a little shortcomings, mistakes, anything strange? and shortcomings and errors quickly corrected. deviation, only to overcome the right-wing conservative error in the implementation of the general line won a great victory in the methods of work produced by some drawbacks. That being the case, it would not be crazy what the petty bourgeoisie and what is difficult to overcome the error. said that this year can not continue to the Great Leap Forward, I do not agree with this view sentence statement, Mao Zedong had a certain impact. He said: Mao's words may cause concern, therefore, Mao Zedong in his speech in 23, clearly stated, split the armed forces might face, but fortunately, after Mao Zedong, also added a few words, gradually became aware of the seriousness of the problem, then to July 2l discussed at group meeting of his letter, he again made the request to recover the letter. But no result.
7, from 23 to 25 , Mao Zedong Peng openly criticized severely, but the coach has not seemed to react
7 月 23 morning, the Political Bureau held an enlarged meeting at short notice. At the meeting, Mao eloquent, speaking for nearly 3 hours, the core issues is severely criticized Peng July 14 letter written. Mao Zedong said: to the right edge, only 30 kilometers has. see in this letter so serious, the tone is so high, is not mentally prepared, suddenly confused. back to residence, Wang Chengguang he said: km, I can not accept. The letter speaks some questions too far, I have feelings. petty bourgeois fanaticism could not write, but put it a little heavier, good for hh Mr President prick say so, and I'll to the team will review, or does not improve the bend, but also to tell you about my intention to write this letter. in the situation, marshals had to be said. But this period of criticism of Peng is not very keen to Marshal Zhu De as an example.
Chu is the first group to participate in the discussion, he was the first to speak. But In the afternoon of July 23 speech, Peng Zhu De was not mentioned, but the tone with similar Peng, continue to criticize Peng view of the letter. He first affirmed Peng views are correct, he said: is wrong, should use this opportunity to check their own good, for some shortcomings too seriously. Note that the total savings in life, hard and bitter, but he more than anyone. Peng is also very concerned about economic development. as long as the correct misconceptions, it can do a better job of. Taking into account the feelings Peng, Peng residence on several occasions to visit. The first to come is at night, .23 Chu, Chu came to see Peng, the two talked for about an hour. away after Zhu De, Peng on the side said: ; Comrade Zhu De as a point of the review advised me not to the top of cattle. at the fourth group (Peng in this group) discussion said: He was something in the July 23 and returned to Beijing, with Marshal Chen Yi, and several other comrades talked to Peng's letter just a few points is not right, Chen Yi also agreed .7 25 before and after, the Foreign Ministry in Beijing, presided over the work of Chen Yi and Zhang Wentian for work things through a telephone. Wentian told Chen Yi, in their own conference, ; made a big mistake, . According to Li Rui, published in the current data, has not found his speech. It can be seen, Lin Biao this time may not have the mountains, about his time up the mountain and Liu, Xu Xiangqian, Ye are similar at the end. However, in the critical Peng , has already been mentioned at the beginning of the Pang, the contradiction between two forests.
7 月 25 afternoon, a provincial party secretary to Peng asked: Why did you write this letter? is not some not convinced? is not to force the hair President for review? is not affected by the impact of foreign trip? Peng explained one by one. that the party secretary asked not see anything, just changing the subject, said: replied: ; and I have always wanted to forest secretary of defense, more appropriate, for unity is also beneficial. Comrade Nie talked about many times with the matter, and talked about these things personally with Chairman Mao. Chairman Mao said, Lin is now sick. I will not hh talk with Chairman Mao had a different view, but within the party, the occurrence of disputes, leaving the problem itself to speculate on other issues, even with nothing on this issue. I think this is very good hh the Lushan Conference, Chairman Mao said: l with your dictatorship, as my dictator. r ttt comrades said today, when I did not have to Vice-Chairman. God knows where I am having these thoughts! these trumped up charges, now do not think about it, so that they to cranky it! morning, he Wangcheng Guang said: I talk about good, too. endure point criticism, I do not fear. Some people do not talk about, what the party fighting it? some problems, we never felt for a moment, criticism does not matter what the struggle is expelled from the party not to be feared . looking for me to talk about, and even meal can also be criticized, or help change it Ye Hao. br> Marshal Peng their sympathy and on the person. to draw the line, the question to talk clearly, can not be vague. 26 Lushan meeting became another key point. Since then, criticism of Peng, who reached a new height, critical content is basically limited by the previous letters and speeches themselves, into account, including operators, including a comprehensive history of the old The exposed and criticized. forced, July 26, in the group meeting, Peng Mao Zedong wrote a letter to the control of Mao Zedong's speech on July 23 and 26 of the latest instructions, made a ;. review, said: Because of my methods of thought, there is one-sided, and in the letter, the Great Leap Forward of how certain great achievements in the research experience and the correct view is wrong. 14 letter to the Chairman, into a central file, as I check the information for future thinking writes: ; to move out of these old cases together, beating four top ten boards, with four top ten right opportunism board, a total of eighty-plate, beaten black and blue, the two share no meat, and then filing his mark not allowed to reverse the verdict, no quasi-rebuttal, but remove the launch of the Meridian Gate beheaded, retained from the party. catch you conceited bastard that Dan (the original author of this note the word mm), whole you! to watch for. people around, said: Who would dare to speak! develop late Stalin not to form a situation. rulers always want to listen to negative comments. , Peng said: of a democratic style, the meaning of criticism and self-criticism. But this one can not be brought down barge. the attitude is good to speak. I believe that he is carefree. Peng's speech in one sentence, l leopard change its spots r, which is farmer awareness. here every day to move forward, how do not change. his subjectivity, that comes out of this one-sidedness. everyone is criticisms Peng, and Peng today we hear the criticism is also more into
a. in the past does not go in to talk about, talk about it to noisy. I believe that after this meeting, a unity of thinking, common understanding, the error will not back up as a burden. General further notice, the meeting continued to be extended. Peng, too, that makes his review of the overall situation, the meeting will not end. Peng painful at the time that evening, Chu went to his place. Peng could not help but flow with tears in my mind to talk to an old ally of grievances and depressed, the same heavy heart Chu. Peng said he could not make things too simple, and now can not do things like the war to be, changed, and suggested that Peng and Mao Zedong and then talk. Peng said, and no way to talk about Mao Zedong, Zhu De but to ensure that: for the party's prestige, the party's interests, to Chairman Mao's prestige, he will strictly review! Chu hear very pleased and recommended Peng called the Director of the Office in Beijing and secretary called up to help Xiejian Tao. Peng Chu accepted the proposal, 3 days later, his chief of Wang Yan, secretary Zheng Wenhan on the Lushan.
7 27, Peng Mao Zedong sent to the Secretary to take the U.S. House. Peng came to the reception room door, he could not shocked: This is not Mao talk with him alone, but all of the Standing Committee in the mountains, there are Liu Shaoqi, Zhou Enlai, Zhu De, Lin Biao. In this meeting, Zhu De, Lin Biao, said what has not yet seen the information.
7 月 30 am, Nie Mao Zedong, Ye Jianying two hosts so that they can talk with Peng, Peng advised at the meeting The tone set by Mao Zedong review.
7 月 30 at night, walking Nie met with Luo Peng, then a walk. Nie active and greeted him and asked Peng Mao's speech for what consideration, Peng said: hey, I resigned, the way! say that I am eager to launch an attack l r, sounds very logical, but does not fit the facts, I can not accept hh I do not conceal their views! President cited a lot of counts, I think is non-existent, certainly someone in his hands and feet in front of that! ; on the merits by the people off, the natural next thing for a long time now! ;, in fact, is to take the initiative to review Peng, in order to obtain the understanding of Mao Zedong. but was rejected Peng.
31 early in the morning, the door still shadow boxing Peng, then, according to Nie and Ye Mao's instructions, Xiang Xie came to see him. on the content of the meeting, the parties have written:
on August 3 in the group meeting, Nie persuaded about the situation at the time: rebellious. Jianying comrade said: Comrade Mao Zedong still alive, you're so in the future within the party who Guan Dele you. Jianying comrades said, they all moved to tears by
. reasons. According to Huang Kecheng in its , Ye Jianying things for the Lushan meeting to write a poem: , is alluding to the coach, including himself, the old comrades, who had endorsed the submissions Peng it, or The hope? He gave an explanation of the space and left behind.
Peng was written in the note, he also recorded the NIE, leaves to visit his two handsome it, and he had a heavy heart : Well easy to hard labor of any blame. Today for review in front of their own, we must show hard working spirit. about about two hours, but not the last tears, moving. I am very grateful to them for the help, commitment strict check yourself. But they had gone, my heart is still painful. What happened today is not hard working, but rather how to deal with will be beneficial to the people and the party. the result of anti-rightist opportunism will not stop dumping l left r , and l left r will be more deep-dumping dangerous. will be more serious imbalance, which affects their production enthusiasm. I am a letter to the President, not only counterproductive, but from the opposite, and this will be my sin. br> 7 31 8 1 March, a comprehensive critique of Lin Biao Peng, but also did a thing for Peng was pleased
7 31, Mao Tse-tung in his residence, the Politburo Standing Committee meeting attended by the Political Bureau Standing Committee of Liu Shaoqi, Zhou Enlai, Zhu De, Lin Biao, Politburo member Peng Zhen, He Long, Peng, in addition to Huang Kecheng, Zhou Xiaozhou, Zhou Hui, Li Rui 4 people to attend as observers. meeting from 10 am ... when 50 to separately
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